Two-stage charging strategy of plug-in electric vehicles based on fuzzy control

This paper proposes a two-stage charging strategy for solving charging control issues of plug-in electric vehicle (PEV). At the first stage, the optimal charging of each PEV is calculated with Bee Algorithm (BA) as an aggregator optimizer. At the second stage, this aggregated power is then distributed among electrical vehicles (EVs) using fuzzy logic controller (FLC). This framework has considered non-linear dynamic feature of PEV batteries in various practical scenarios. Main advantageous of this method are reducing load peak, smoothing transformers load profile, consideration of non-linear dynamic behavior of PEV batteries and proper energy management of batteries in case of unscheduled unplugging of PEVs from charging stations. Finally, simulation results are presented to verify the analysis of the proposed charging control strategy. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.