Burning Water: A Comparative Analysis of the Energy Return on Water Invested

被引：48

作者：

Mulder, Kenneth ^{[1
]}

Hagens, Nathan ^{[2
]}

Fisher, Brendan ^{[3
]}

机构：

[1] Green Mt Coll, Poultney, VT 05764 USA

[2] Univ Vermont, Gund Inst Ecol Econ, Burlington, VT 05405 USA

[3] Princeton Univ, Program Sci Technol & Environm Policy, Woodrow Wilson Sch Publ & Int Affairs, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA

来源：

AMBIO | 2010年 / 39卷 / 01期

基金：

美国安德鲁·梅隆基金会;

关键词：

Biofuels; EROEI; Water; Energy production; Ethanol; Energy crops; UNITED-STATES; BIOENERGY PRODUCTION; FOSSIL-FUELS; BIOFUELS; ETHANOL; RESOURCES; FEASIBILITY; EXTRACTION; ECONOMY; BALANCE;

D O I：

10.1007/s13280-009-0003-x

中图分类号：

X [环境科学、安全科学];

学科分类号：

08 ; 0830 ;

摘要：

While various energy-producing technologies have been analyzed to assess the amount of energy returned per unit of energy invested, this type of comprehensive and comparative approach has rarely been applied to other potentially limiting inputs such as water, land, and time. We assess the connection between water and energy production and conduct a comparative analysis for estimating the energy return on water invested (EROWI) for several renewable and non-renewable energy technologies using various Life Cycle Analyses. Our results suggest that the most water-efficient, fossil-based technologies have an EROWI one to two orders of magnitude greater than the most water-efficient biomass technologies, implying that the development of biomass energy technologies in scale sufficient to be a significant source of energy may produce or exacerbate water shortages around the globe and be limited by the availability of fresh water.

引用

页码：30 / 39

页数：10

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