The Role of Emergency Medical Services in Geriatrics: Bridging the Gap between Primary and Acute Care

被引:21
|
作者
Goldstein, Judah [1 ,2 ]
Mcvey, Jennifer [1 ,2 ,3 ]
Ackroyd-Stolarz, Stacy [3 ]
机构
[1] Emergency Hlth Serv Nova Scotia, 300-239 Brownlow Ave, Dartmouth, NS B3B 2B2, Canada
[2] Dalhousie Univ, Div Emergency Med Serv, Halifax, NS, Canada
[3] Dalhousie Univ, Dept Emergency Med, Halifax, NS, Canada
关键词
EMS; Paramedic; Aged; Geriatrics; Frail Elderly; OLDER-ADULTS; PREHOSPITAL CARE; FRAILTY; PROGRAM; PEOPLE; COMMUNITY; TRANSPORT; OUTCOMES; RISK; PRACTITIONERS;
D O I
10.1017/cem.2015.73
中图分类号
R4 [临床医学];
学科分类号
1002 ; 100602 ;
摘要
Caring for older adults is a major function of emergency medical services (EMS). Traditional EMS systems were designed to treat single acute conditions; this approach contrasts with best practices for the care of frail older adults. Care might be improved by the early identification of those who are frail and at highest risk for adverse outcomes. Paramedics are well positioned to play an important role via a more thorough evaluation of frailty (or vulnerability). These findings may inform both pre-hospital and subsequent emergency department (ED) based decisions. Innovative programs involving EMS, the ED, and primary care could reduce the workload on EDs while improving patient access to care, and ultimately patient outcomes. Some frail older adults will benefit from the resources and specialized knowledge provided by the ED, while others may be better helped in alternative ways, usually in coordination with primary care. Discerning between these groups is a challenge worthy of further inquiry. In either case, care should be timely, with a focus on identifying emergent or acute care needs, frailty evaluation, mobility assessments, identifying appropriate goals for treatment, promoting functional independence, and striving to have the patient return to their usual place of residence if this can be done safely. Paramedics are uniquely positioned to play a larger role in the care of our aging population. Improving paramedic education as it pertains to geriatrics is a critical next step. Resume La prestation des soins aux personnes agees occupe une place importante dans les services medicaux d'urgence (SMU). Les systemes de SMU etaient concus au depart pour traiter des affections aigues isolees, ce qui est tres different des pratiques exemplaires en matiere de soins aux personnes agees fragiles. Le reperage precoce des personnes agees fragiles, fortement predisposees a des evenements defavorables pourrait ameliorer la prestation des soins. Les ambulanciers paramedicaux sont bien places pour jouer un role important dans une evaluation approfondie du degre de fragilite (ou de vulnerabilite), et les resultats obtenus peuvent eclairer les decisions prises par les fournisseurs de services prehospitaliers et, par la suite, dans les services d'urgence (SU). Des programmes innovateurs de SMU, de soins dans les SU et de soins de base pourraient reduire la charge de travail dans les SU tout en ameliorant l'acces aux soins et, en dernier ressort, les resultats cliniques. Certaines personnes agees fragiles pourraient profiter des ressources disponibles dans les SU et du bagage cumule de connaissances specialisees, tandis que d'autres profiteraient davantage d'autres solutions, habituellement d'une meilleure coordination des soins de base. Toutefois, cela vaudrait la peine de faire davantage de recherche afin de distinguer les deux groupes. Dans un cas comme dans l'autre, il faudrait donner des soins au bon moment, en plus de determiner la necessite de fournir des soins d'urgence ou des soins de courte duree; d'evaluer le degre de fragilite et de mobilite; d'etablir la pertinence des buts du traitement; de promouvoir l'autonomie fonctionnelle et de favoriser autant que possible le retour en toute securite au lieu habituel d'habitation. Les ambulanciers paramedicaux occupent une place privilegiee pour jouer un role accru dans la prestation des soins a la population agee. L'amelioration de leur formation en geriatrie est donc la prochaine etape cruciale.
引用
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页码:54 / 61
页数:8
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