Flame Area Fluctuation Measurements in Velocity-Forced Premixed Gas Turbine Flames

Fluctuations in the heat release rate that occur during unstable combustion in lean-premixed gas turbine combustors can be attributed to velocity and equivalence ratio fluctuations. For a fully premixed flame, velocity fluctuations affect the heat release rate primarily by inducing changes in the flame area. In this paper, a technique to analyze changes in the flame area using chemiluminescence-based flame images is presented. The technique decomposes the flame area into separate components which characterize the relative contributions of area fluctuations in the large-scale structure and the small-scale wrinkling of the flame. The fluctuation in the wrinkled area of the flame which forms the flame brush is seen to dominate its response in the majority of cases tested. Analysis of the flame area associated with the large-scale structure of the flame resolves convective perturbations that move along the mean flame position. Results are presented that demonstrate the application of this technique to both single-nozzle and multi-nozzle flames.