Concentrations of major and trace elements in polished rice and paddy soils collected in Aomori, Japan

Rice grain samples and surface paddy soil samples were collected from 20 sites throughout Aomori Prefecture, Japan, and the concentrations of 25 elements in the polished rice and 33 elements in the soils were determined by neutron activation analysis, inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometer or atomic adsorption spectrometer. The range of essential element concentrations in the polished rice was within one order of magnitude, however, the range for most of the trace elements was more than one order of magnitude. The range of element concentrations, except for I, in the paddy soils was within one order of magnitude. The +/- 95% confidence intervals of the soil-to-polished rice transfer factors for all elements, except for Pb, were within two orders of magnitude, and the geometric mean values were as follows: Cl, Mo and Zn (0.1-1); K, Cu, Cd, Rb, Mg, Mn, and Ag (0.01-0.1); Ni, As, Ca, Se and 1(0.001-0.01); Na, Cs. Sr, Co, Cr, V, Ba, Pb, Fe and Al (<0.001).