Well-being and Stress Among Upper Secondary School Pupils in Sweden

Background. The psychological health of young people in Sweden has declined since measurements began to be taken in 1985. The reasons for the increase in stress and decline in psychological well-being among adolescents have been debated during the past few years. Objective. The aims of this study were to explore: 1) pupils' experience of student health services, family, friends, recuperation and the learning environment; 2) whether there is a difference between introverted and extroverted pupils' sense of well-being, perceived stress, views of the learning enviromnent, and relationships with friends and family; and 3) the degree to which the different aspects of school life predict well-being and stress. Design. Data were collected by means of a web survey in which 1045 respondents participated. Results. The results showed that there are significant differences in perceptions of well-being and stress depending on gender and the type of study program pupils were enrolled in. The results also revealed significant differences between int ravens' and extraverts' relationships with family and friends, experience of the learning environment, and reported well- being and stress. A series of hierarchical linear regressions revealed that there were several factors affecting pupils' reported well-being and stress. The learning environment and relationships with family and friends were significant predictors for both outcome variables. Pupils ability to recuperate front their work was found to be the most impactful predictor for well-being and stress. Conclusion. Our results suggest that the way in which teachers interact with pupils is an important factor influencing pupils' experience of well-being and stress. Furthermore, our results suggest that pupils would benefit from student health services being made more visible and pro-active in their interaction with students.