Bolder science needed now for protected areas

被引:132
|
作者
Watson, James E. M. [1 ,2 ]
Darling, Emily S. [1 ,3 ]
Venter, Oscar [4 ]
Maron, Martine [2 ]
Walston, Joe [1 ]
Possingham, Hugh P. [4 ]
Dudley, Nigel [2 ,5 ,6 ]
Hockings, Marc [2 ]
Barnes, Megan [4 ]
Brooks, Thomas M. [7 ,8 ,9 ]
机构
[1] Wildlife Conservat Soc, Global Conservat Program, Bronx, NY 10460 USA
[2] Univ Queensland, Sch Geog Planning & Environm Management, St Lucia, Qld 4072, Australia
[3] Univ N Carolina, Dept Biol, CB 3280, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA
[4] Univ Queensland, Sch Biol Sci, St Lucia, Qld 4072, Australia
[5] Univ No British Columbia, Sch Ecosyst Sci & Management, Prince George, BC V2L 5P2, Canada
[6] Equilibrium Res, 47 Quays,Cumberland Rd, Bristol BS1 6UQ, Avon, England
[7] Int Union Conservat Nat, Gland, Switzerland
[8] Univ Philippines Los Banos, World Agroforestry Ctr, Laguna, Philippines
[9] Univ Tasmania, Sch Geog & Environm Studies, Hobart, Tas, Australia
关键词
Aichi Target 11; CBD; environmental policy; resilience; targets; threatened species conservation; World Parks Congress; Congreso Mundial de Parques; conservacion de especies amenazadas; Objetivo Aichi 11; objetivos; politica ambiental; resiliencia; HABITAT LOSS; BIODIVERSITY; IMPACTS; EXPANSION; REFUGIA;
D O I
10.1111/cobi.12645
中图分类号
X176 [生物多样性保护];
学科分类号
090705 ;
摘要
Recognizing that protected areas (PAs) are essential for effective biodiversity conservation action, the Convention on Biological Diversity established ambitious PA targets as part of the 2020 Strategic Plan for Biodiversity. Under the strategic goal to improve the status of biodiversity by safeguarding ecosystems, species, and genetic diversity, Target 11 aims to put 17% of terrestrial and 10% of marine regions under PA status by 2020. Additionally and crucially, these areas are required to be of particular importance for biodiversity and ecosystem services, effectively and equitably managed, ecologically representative, and well-connected and to include other effective area-based conservation measures (OECMs). Whereas the area-based targets are explicit and measurable, the lack of guidance for what constitutes important and representative; effective; and OECMs is affecting how nations are implementing the target. There is a real risk that Target 11 may be achieved in terms of area while failing the overall strategic goal for which it is established because the areas are poorly located, inadequately managed, or based on unjustifiable inclusion of OECMs. We argue that the conservation science community can help establish ecologically sensible PA targets to help prioritize important biodiversity areas and achieve ecological representation; identify clear, comparable performance metrics of ecological effectiveness so progress toward these targets can be assessed; and identify metrics and report on the contribution OECMs make toward the target. By providing ecologically sensible targets and new performance metrics for measuring the effectiveness of both PAs and OECMs, the science community can actively ensure that the achievement of the required area in Target 11 is not simply an end in itself but generates genuine benefits for biodiversity. Se Requiere Ya de Ciencia mas Audaz para las areas Protegidas En reconocimiento de que las areas protegidas (APs) son esenciales para la accion efectiva de la conservacion de la biodiversidad, la Convencion Biologica sobre la Diversidad establecio objetivos ambiciosos de areas protegidas como parte del Plan Estrategico para la Biodiversidad 2020. Bajo la meta estrategica de mejorar el estado de la biodiversidad por medio de salvaguardar a los ecosistemas, las especies y la diversidad genetica, el Objetivo 11 busca poner 17% de las regiones terrestres y 10% de las marinas en estado de AP para 2020. Ademas y de manera crucial, estas areas necesitan ser de particular importancia para la biodiversidad y los servicios ambientales, estar manejadas efectiva y equitativamente, ser representativas ecologicamente, estar bien conectadas e incluir otras medidas de conservacion efectiva basadas en el area (OMCE). Mientras que los objetivos basados en el area son explicitos y medibles, la falta de direccion para que significan importante, representativo, efectivo y OMCE esta afectando como las naciones estan implementando el objetivo. Existe un riesgo real de que el Objetivo 11 se alcance en terminos de area y falle en el objetivo estrategico general por el cual fue establecido ya que las areas se encuentran mal ubicadas, manejadas inadecuadamente o basadas en una inclusion injustificada de las OMCE. Argumentamos que la comunidad de cientificos de la conservacion puede ayudar a establecer objetivos de APs ecologicamente sensibles para ayudar a priorizar areas de biodiversidad importantes y alcanzar la representacion ecologica; identificar medidas claras y comparables de la efectividad ecologica para poder evaluar el progreso hacia estos objetivos; e identificar medidas y reportar sobre la contribucion que las OMCE aportan al objetivo. Si proporcionamos objetivos ecologicamente sensibles y nuevas medidas de desempeno para calcular la efectividad de las APs y las OMCE, la comunidad cientifica puede asegurar activamente que la obtencion del area exigida en el Objetivo 11 no sea solo un fin por si misma, sino tambien que genere beneficios genuinos para la biodiversidad. Resumen
引用
收藏
页码:243 / 248
页数:6
相关论文
共 50 条
  • [1] Science needed now, for action
    Korosi, Csaba
    Cullmann, Johannes
    [J]. SCIENCE, 2023, 381 (6663) : 1136 - 1136
  • [2] Southern California marine protected areas promote bolder fish populations
    Himes, Lucian
    La Valle, Florybeth Flores
    [J]. FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE, 2023, 10
  • [3] ECOLOGICAL SCIENCE AND THE MANAGEMENT OF PROTECTED AREAS
    MAY, RM
    [J]. BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION, 1994, 3 (05) : 437 - 448
  • [4] NEEDED BY MILLIONS - A BROADER AND BOLDER REHABILITATION PROGRAM
    JOHNSON, W
    [J]. JOURNAL OF REHABILITATION, 1963, 29 (01) : 13 - &
  • [5] NEW SOLUTIONS FOR SCIENCE COMMUNICATION PROBLEMS NEEDED NOW
    BLOOM, FE
    MELNECHUK, T
    [J]. TRENDS IN NEUROSCIENCES, 1978, 1 (01) : R1 - R2
  • [6] Greater Focus Needed on Alien Plant Impacts in Protected Areas
    Hulme, Philip E.
    Pysek, Petr
    Pergl, Jan
    Jarosik, Vojtech
    Schaffner, Urs
    Vila, Montserrat
    [J]. CONSERVATION LETTERS, 2014, 7 (05): : 459 - 466
  • [7] Marine protected areas: Science, policy & management
    Humphreys, John
    Herbert, Roger J. H.
    [J]. ESTUARINE COASTAL AND SHELF SCIENCE, 2018, 215 : 215 - 218
  • [8] Science, Policy Advocacy, and Marine Protected Areas
    Gray, Noella J.
    Campbell, Lisa M.
    [J]. CONSERVATION BIOLOGY, 2009, 23 (02) : 460 - 468
  • [9] Sensitive areas in Baltic Sea now protected from shipping
    不详
    [J]. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN, 2006, 52 (02) : 126 - 127
  • [10] Marine protected areas: Science, policy and management
    De Santo, Elizabeth
    [J]. MARINE POLICY, 2020, 121