Frequency regulation strategy based on variable-parameter frequency limit control during black start

High-voltage direct current (HVDC) can speed up the recovery of a power system. However, both rectifier and inverter sides of HVDC are weak systems during a black start. To coordinate frequency characteristics of both sides within the frequency deviation constraint, a frequency regulation strategy based on variable-parameter frequency limit control (FLC) during a black start is proposed. First, the mathematical models of asynchronous interconnected AC-DC system are established, and the optimal FLC parameters leading to minimum frequency deviation of both sides are obtained. Subsequently, based on the characteristics of the optimal FLC parameters with the parameters of the equivalent generator and the capacity of the AC system, a frequency regulation strategy is proposed to adapt to the continuously changing parameters and configurations of the AC power system during a black start. Finally, the simulation model is established using PSCAD/EMTDC software to verify the control strategy and the correctness of the optimal FLC parameters.