Natural melanoma-derived extracellular vesicles

被引:32
|
作者
Hood, Joshua L. [1 ,2 ]
机构
[1] Univ Louisville, Sch Med, Dept Pharmacol & Toxicol, Louisville, KY 40202 USA
[2] Univ Louisville, James Graham Brown Canc Ctr, Louisville, KY 40202 USA
关键词
Melanoma; Extracellular vesicles; Exosomes; Shedding vesicles; Microvesicles; Ectosomes; TUMOR-RELEASED MICROVESICLES; LYMPH-NODES; HLA-G; EXOSOMES; CELLS; MICRORNA; MIRNA; MACROPHAGE; EXPRESSION; INDUCTION;
D O I
10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.06.020
中图分类号
R73 [肿瘤学];
学科分类号
100214 ;
摘要
Melanoma cells produce a variety of extracellular vesicle (EV) types including shedding vesicles and exosomes (EXOs). These EVs are defined by their mechanism of cellular production. To date, the majority of EV investigations has centered around melanoma EXOs or small EVs (sEVs). Natural melanoma sEVs mediate protumor processes including angiogenesis, immune regulation and modification of tissue microenvironments. A thorough examination of these processes reveals that they are interdependent. They work in concert to support tumor growth and survival. Pro-tumor functions attributed to melanoma cells are reproduced by melanoma sEVs. This ensures a certain degree of redundancy within the melanoma pathogenic process. It also allows for rapid adaptation of melanoma cells to changing microenvironments, anti-tumor immune responses, and therapeutic challenges. Further, as a result of their composition and inherent ability to engage the immune system, natural melanoma EVs possess excellent biomarker potential and might be used therapeutically as tumor vaccines.
引用
收藏
页码:251 / 265
页数:15
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