Opportunities and Challenges Faced by the Belt and Road in the Era of Big Data

In recent decades, the country's traditional security, economic prosperity and basic living conditions are heavily dependent on basic services that support its society, such as energy, finance, transportation, telecommunications and other key facilities. The rapid development of information and communication technology connects these key elements into an interdependence and complex network, which also constitutes the current cyberspace. Most of the countries along the Belt and Road Initiative are developing countries; the population in these developing countries accounts for about 80% of the world's total population, while the number of Internet users accounts for only 43% of global users. This provides a great development prospect for future cyberspace cooperation. Meanwhile, in the era of big data, the focus of the nation is shifting from competition for capital, land, population, resources and energy to competition for data. This paper introduces some non-traditional security threats and challenges brought about by the Belt and Road from three respects, such as cyberspace security threat and cyber terrorism. Aiming at the imbalance in the development of regional network science and technology, some possible countermeasures are also discussed.