The EU-funded project 'evaluation and utilization of pineapple genetic resources from the Amazon to breed resistant varieties'

This project aims at obtaining knowledge and tools for the development of varieties resistant to the main diseases in South America, by (i) characterising and evaluating available genetic resources (botanical and agromorphological description, nuclear and cytoplasmic DNA characterisation), (ii) studying the genetic structure of the genus Ananas, (iii) developing and applying resistance screening techniques for important diseases in the region (fusariosis, fruitlet core rot, thecla, and nematodes), (iv) studying the heredity of agronomic traits, and (v) testing the potential of partial inbreds in breeding. In addition, the establishment of a standard database will promote information and germplasm exchange between the partners, and, later, between all the existing pineapple germplasm collections. The project, which started in 1997, has produced a first germplasm inventory, allowing exchanges and repatriation of lost germplasm. The list of descriptors has been revised. Multivariate analysis of the first morphological description produced consistent results. Molecular markers are being developed for characterisation and genetic mapping. New sources of resistance to fusariosis have been identified. Characterisation studies will provide key information to assess the genetic diversity of pineapple and understand its structure. The project will favour new uses of neglected or traditional varieties, so widening the genetic base of pineapple cultivation. The development of new breeding schemes associated with genetic mapping should greatly improve breeding efficiency, allowing transferring resistances and thence promoting integrated and more environmentally friendly control of pests and diseases.