A new 1D chain coordination polymer [Cd(dpq)(ox)(0.5)Cl](n) (1) (dpq=dipyrido[3,2-d:2',3'-f]quinoxaline and ox=oxalate) has been hydrothermally synthesized and structurally characterized by elemental analysis, IR and single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Compound 1 (CdClC15H8N4O2): monoclinic, space group P2(1)/c, a=0.854 04(5) nm, b=2.094 90(13) nm, c=0.839 22(5) nm, Z=4, V=1.438(15) nm(3), M-r=424.11, D-c=1.959 g center dot cm(-3), F(000)=828.0, mu=1.719 mm(-1), S=1.028, the final R=0.025 8 and wR =0.057 5. The crystal structure analysis indicates that the cadmium ion is coordinated by two oxygen atoms from a oxalate, two dictating nitrogen atoms from a dpq molecule and two Cl- anions. The adjacent Cd(II) ions are linked by Cl- anions and oxalate ligands in alternate sequence to form a 1D chain coordination polymer and the adjacent chains are further connected by pi-pi stacking interactions to form a 2D supramolecular network. Moreover, the title compound exhibits blue emission in the solid state at room temperature. CCDC: 680748.