Assessment of Deep Groundwater Quality in Kathmandu Valley Using Multivariate Statistical Techniques

被引:49
|
作者
Chapagain, Saroj Kumar [1 ]
Pandey, Vishnu P. [1 ]
Shrestha, Sangam [2 ]
Nakamura, Takashi [3 ]
Kazama, Futaba [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Yamanashi, Dept Ecosocial Syst Engn, Interdisciplinary Grad Sch Med & Engn, Yamanashi 4008511, Japan
[2] Asian Inst Technol, Klongluang 12120, Pathumthani, Thailand
[3] Univ Yamanashi, Int Res Ctr River Basin Environm, Yamanashi 4008511, Japan
来源
WATER AIR AND SOIL POLLUTION | 2010年 / 210卷 / 1-4期
关键词
Groundwater quality; Factor analysis; Cluster analysis; Correlation; Kathmandu Valley; TRACE-ELEMENTS; NEPAL; WATER; RIVER; BASIN; AREA;
D O I
10.1007/s11270-009-0249-8
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
This study was carried out to assess the overall water quality and identify major variables affecting the deep groundwater quality in Kathmandu Valley, Nepal. Forty-two deep wells were sampled during premonsoon and monsoon seasons in 2007 and analyzed for the major physicochemical variables. The water quality variables such as NH (4) (+) -N, Fe, Pb, As, and Cd at most of the sampling locations exceeded the World Health Organization guideline levels for drinking water. Multivariate statistical techniques such as factor analysis and cluster analysis were applied to identify the major factors (variables) corresponding to the different source of variation in deep groundwater quality. Factor analysis indentified six major factors explaining 74.77% of the total variance in water quality; and the major variations are related with the degree of groundwater mineralization, decomposition of organic matter, and reduction of groundwater environment. The water quality of deep groundwater is influenced by the natural hydrogeochemical environment. The wells are broadly divided into two major groups based on the similar groundwater characteristics using cluster analysis. Results show that water quality of deep groundwater does not vary significantly as a function of season.
引用
收藏
页码:277 / 288
页数:12
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