Leisure-time physical activity as a compensation for sedentary behaviour of professionally active population

BACKGROUND: The aim of this work is to estimate leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) of the professionally-active population as a factor in early preventive medicine and diagnosing threats of occupational diseases. It was the basis for an analysis of the realisation of a pro-health dose of physical activity recommended by WHO (depending on the profession). OBJECTIVE AND METHODS: A survey based on IPAQ-LV was realised in 2014-2015 on a representative sample of Poles (n = 2039). Thework presents results for professionally-active people (n = 985). In order to verify statistically significant differences a Chi(2), U-Mann Whitney and Kruskall-Wallis H tests were implemented. RESULTS: LTPA Index for the whole group was 895.6 +/- 1514.3 MET-minutes/week. No statistical relationship was found between the survey wave and the LTPA factor and particular activities: VPA, MPA and walking. The LTPA value was significantly related (Chi(2) = 19.9; p < 0.001) to the profession. LTPA Index was highest among the higher social stratification groups (directors/managers/owners: 1492.7 +/- 2348.1, higher level office workers: 957.6 +/- 1268.3, other office workers: 973.0 +/- 1677.5 MET-minutes/week) and the lowest among skilled workers (744.8 +/- 1325.8 MET-minutes/week). As many as 61.1% of respondents did not meet WHO recommendations. During week days, the greatest time spent sitting (Chi(2) = 0.000; p < 0.05) was stated for higher level office workers (6.4 +/- 4.2 hours/day) and directors/managers/owners (5.0 +/- 4.0 hours/day). Sitting time for weekends was not significantly different for these groups. CONCLUSIONS: Activities promoting LTPA should be addressed to all professional groups. It is essential to inform workers (especially physical workers) about the role of properly selected physical activity (in terms of time, frequency and type) to maintain a good state of health. A model-shaping influence of the high prestige groups may be helpful in changing lifestyle.