The People's Republic of China, the ASEAN and Singapore A matter of economic cooperation and differentiated management

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to highlight the need for international managers to rethink current managerial practices, especially the application of a universalistic approach in an international business context. A differentiated managerial approach is recommended to meet the challenges of a dynamic environment. Design/methodology/approach - Literature review based on secondary data provides the analysis of the bilateral trade relationship between China and ASEAN. This paper cites the case of the China-Singapore Suzhou Industrial Park project to illustrate the difficulties in international partnerships. Findings - The findings highlight differences in business philosophies; differences in state bureaucracies and political viewpoints concerning business arrangements; socio-cultural differences in values, and expectations of political and business leaders, and their people. Research limitations/implications - The paper highlights the need for further research in Chinese managerial styles and knowledge. Practical implications The recommended differentiated management approach will allow international managers an alternative option in managing international teams and workforce diversity in cross border business partnerships. Originality/value - The literature gap in this particular area of study presents an opportunity to explore new managerial approaches in international management practices.