Energy Oriented Routing in Wireless Sensor Networks: Hardware Implementation

In the recent Internet Technology world, sensor-oriented network domain has significant importance for real-world application to perform user's day to day activities. Energy efficiency in a sensor field is an extremely important characteristic for various on demand needs. The related literature on energy efficient path selection and message scheduling in a sensor-enabled wireless network is a predominant factor in the Internet of Things domain. The proposed work implements an energy-efficient routing scheme and provides design details for sensor nodes. The sensor nodes are divided into three types of nodes - the base station node, the cluster head node, and the normal sensor node. The base station node is responsible for setting up the network and the normal sensor node performs the various operations designed for the network while the cluster head node acts as a cluster head. A new simple application layer protocol is also presented. This application layer protocol provides a simple and powerful enough interface to the user. This scheme and architecture when employed produces a reliable and efficient network. The reliability and efficiency are measured and illustrated using real-time implementation. The real-time implementation is performed on custom-designed sensor nodes based on AVR Atmega8a and nRF24L01 transceiver chip. The Sensor Nodes run on a custom-designed firmware which provides basic and enough security. The custom-designed sensor nodes provide a reliable Wireless Sensor Network and can be deployed in real-world applications.