United Kingdom cervical cancer screening and the costs of time and travel

被引:12
|
作者
Woolley, Claire [1 ]
Philips, Zoe
Whynes, David K.
Cotton, Seonaidh C.
Gray, Nicola M.
Sharp, Linda
Little, Julian
Waugh, Norman R.
机构
[1] Univ Nottingham, Sch Econ, Nottingham NG7 2RD, England
[2] Natl Canc Registry Ireland, Cork, Ireland
[3] Univ Ottawa, Dept Epidemiol & Community Med, Canada ResChair Human Genome Epidemiol, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
[4] Univ Aberdeen, Dept Publ Hlth, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, Scotland
基金
英国医学研究理事会;
关键词
cervical cancer; colposcopy; costs; papanicolaou test; screening;
D O I
10.1017/S026646230707016X
中图分类号
R19 [保健组织与事业(卫生事业管理)];
学科分类号
摘要
Objectives: The aim of this study was to estimate the time and travel costs generated by women when attending for Papanicolaou (Pap) smear tests or colposcopy appointments in the United Kingdom, both absolutely and relative to the health service cost of the national cervical cancer screening programs. Methods: Data were obtained from questionnaires completed by two samples of women participating in a three-center trial of management of low-grade abnormalities detected by screening (n=1,106 for Pap smears and n=1,203 for colposcopy appointments). Women were 20 to 59 years of age and resident in Grampian or Tayside, Scotland, or Nottingham, England. Questionnaire data were supplemented with sociodemographic information previously collected at the time of recruitment to the trial. Results: The mean total time and travel costs per attendance at a smear test and at a colposcopy appointment were estimated to be 9.2 pound and 27.4 pound, respectively, averaged across the three trial areas (valued at 2002 prices). Statistically significant intercenter disparities in time and travel costs were identified, particularly with respect to colposcopy appointments. For these, time and travel costs in Nottingham were substantially less than those in Grampian and Tayside (22.9 pound, 30.2 pound, and 32.1 pound, respectively). Time and travel costs amount to 26 and 33 percent, approximately, over and above the direct health service costs of the English and Scottish screening programs, respectively. Conclusions: The time and travel costs associated with participation in the UK cervical cancer screening programs are substantial and are not spatially uniform across the country.
引用
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页码:232 / 239
页数:8
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