Effects of Coal Rank and Macerals on the Structure Characteristics of Coal-Based Graphene Materials from Anthracite in Qinshui Coalfield

Thirteen raw coal samples from Qinshui coalfield were prepared to produce coal-based graphene, and the raw coal, coal-based graphite, and coal-based graphene sheets (GS) were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectrometer (SEM-EDS), and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). The results show that the graphitization degree of coal-based graphite is positively linearly correlated with the reflectance of raw coal, has a low positive correlation with the content of inertinite, and has a low positive correlation with the content of vitrinite in raw coal. The crystallite width (L-a) and crystallite height (L-c) of coal-based graphite and graphene are positively linearly correlated with the reflectance of raw coal. L-a and L-c of coal-based graphite are distributed in 17.591-48.374 nm and 11.359-23.023 nm, respectively. After redox, L-a and L-c of coal-based graphene are distributed in 4.405 nm-6.243 nm and 0.804-1.144 nm, respectively. The defect degree (I-D/I-G) of coal-based graphene is higher than that of raw coal, demineralized coal, and coal-based graphite. The coal-based graphene is thin and transparent, and only contained carbon and oxygen. Combined with the parameters of XRD and HRTEM, it is calculated that the interlayer spacing (d(002)) of Qinshui-coal-based graphene is about 0.4007 nm and the number of layers (N-ave) is about 5.