A new type of diabatic flow pattern map for boiling heat transfer in microchannels

Flow pattern data and bubble measurements for two small diameter sight glass tubes are used to propose a new type of flow pattern map for evaporating flows in microchannels. Rather than segregating the observations into the traditional flow regimes and an adiabatic map, the new diabatic map classifies flows into three types: (i) the isolated bubble regime, where the bubble generation rate is much larger than the bubble coalescence rate and includes both bubbly and slug flows, (ii) the coalescing bubble regime, where the bubble coalescence rate is much larger than the bubble generation rate and exists up to the end of the coalescence process and (iii) the annular regime, whose extent is limited by the vapor quality at the onset of critical heat flux. This formulation is thought to be more useful for phenomenological modeling of the processes controlling boiling heat transfer and two-phase pressure drops in microchannels, and it also visually defines the feasible operating limit of microchannel heat spreaders at the critical vapor quality corresponding to critical heat flux (CHF). The database covers two refrigerants (R-134a and R-245fa) and two channel diameters (0.509 and 0.790 mm). The micro-evaporator length was varied from 20 to 70 mm, the inlet subcooling from 2 to 15 degrees C, the mass flux from 200 to 2000 kg m(-2) s(-1) and heat fluxes up to 597 kW m-2. Three different saturation temperatures were tested: 26, 30 and 35 degrees C.