Pattern and serological profile of healthcare workers with needle-stick and sharp injuries: A retrospective analysis

Background: Needle-stick and sharp injuries (NSSIs) are very hazardous to healthcare workers (HCWs) working in any healthcare setting. The burden of NSSIs is more common in developing countries than in developed countries. Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted in a multispeciality, tertiary level teaching medical institute. Total 78 NSSIs incidences from 2005 to 2013 were reviewed and included for the study. All the information were retrieved and entered in excel sheet for data analysis. Results: Total of 78 NSSIs cases were reported over a period of 9 years. Maximum incidences of NSSI were reported by nurses (61.5%). A higher proportion (41%) of cases occurred in critical units and emergency and the most common procedure (64.1%) was parenteral medication during which HCWs got NSSIs. Almost half (53.8%) of HCWs had received complete HBV vaccination. Out of 78, 40 HCWs only completed follow-up for 6 months and were found non-reactive for viral markers. Conclusion: The healthcare workers who were involved in patient care are at risk to get NSSIs. The primary prevention of NSSIs is very important. Every institute should have policies on ongoing training programme, HBV vaccination protocol, smooth system of NSSIs reporting, post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) facilities and follow-up of HCWs with NSSIs to prevent the occurrence.