Complications of Moderate Sedation Versus Deep Sedation/General Anesthesia for Adolescent Patients Undergoing Third Molar Extraction

Purpose: To examine the complications resulting from moderate sedation versus deep sedation/general anesthesia for adolescent patients undergoing third molar extraction and determine whether any differences in complication risks exist between the 2 levels of sedation. Materials and Methods: We performed a prospective study of the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Outcomes System from January 2001 to December 2010. The primary predictor variable was the level of sedation, divided into 2 groups: moderate sedation versus deep sedation/general anesthesia. The primary outcome was the incidence of adverse complications resulting from the sedation level. Differences in the cohort characteristics were analyzed using the independent samples t test, chi(2) test, and analysis of variance, as appropriate. Multivariable logistic regression was used to measure the effect the level of sedation had on the adverse complication rate. Results: Patients in the moderate sedation group had a complication rate of 0.5%, and patients in the deep sedation/general anesthesia group had a complication rate of 0.9%. Compared with moderate sedation, deep sedation/general anesthesia did not pose a significantly increased risk of adverse anesthesia complications (adjusted odds ratio 1.63, 95% confidence interval 0.95 to 2.81; P = .077). Conclusions: The results of our study have shown that the risk of adverse anesthesia complications is not increased when choosing between moderate and deep sedation/general anesthesia for adolescent patients undergoing third molar extraction. (C) 2016 American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons J Oral Maxillofac Surg 74: 474-479, 2016