An Advanced Clustering Scheme for Wireless Sensor Networks Using Particle Swarm Optimization

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are made up of number of sensor nodes which can sense the physical quantity, process it and transmit/receive it to base station (BS) via single hop and multiple hops. These sensor nodes needs the power or energy to operate which is generally provided by battery. since these batteries have limited amount of energy so energy consumption in sensor network is a serious issue. It is desirable to design a protocol in WSN which reduces the energy consumption so to enhance the network lifetime. In this work, an energy efficient protocol is designed using Discrete Binary Particle Swarm Optimization which enhances the network lifetime without degrading network performance. In this work weighted sum approach is use to convert multiobjective optimization problem into a single objective optimization problem. Three parameters residual energy of sensor nodes, load mismatch in clusters and distance from CH to BS is taken into account in order to meet the objective. Simulation results shows that the proposed work improve the network lifetime significantly as compare to LEACH protocol. It is also observed that the proposed protocol outperforms the LEACH protocol in terms number of packets delivered to BS.