The prediction and identification of the faults and changes of the properties of rock mass based on the analysis of the data logged in real time during boring

The effectiveness and efficiency of the fullface tunnel boring machines during driving depend mainly on the properties of the disintegrated rocks and applied regimes of the boring. During advance of the tunnel boring machine through rockmass under given geological conditions the rockmass properties are constantly changing. The penetration rate of boring, the energy consumption for disintegration per unit of the rock volume, the average wear intensity of the disc cutters on the cutterhead of the TBM and consequently the costs of this international destruction of the rock depends on the physical and mechanical properties of the rocks, geological conditions of the tunnel, tectonic structure and fissuring of the rockmass, applicable regimes of boring, etc. From the analysis of the data of monitoring of regimes of boring results there is functional binding between input parameters (thrust, revolutions) and output parameters of boring (penetration rate of boring, power output of disintegration, size of chips as product of disintegration, etc.). The values of this binding contains information of quasi average properties of rocks on the face. The identification of qualitative and quantitative properties of this binding directly during boring enables relative evaluation of the strength properties of the just disintegrated rocks and so immediate identification of marked, in its substance stochastic, changes of the rockmass properties. Since in most cases the dangerous tectonic faults are accompanied with alteration of the rocks it is possible to predict with some time distance the risk area from the point of view of this technology of tunnelling. The distance depends on character and spreading of the altered rockmass in surroundings of the fault. The monitoring system with attached risk evaluation subsystem can be used as the additional or exacting system of geological reconnaissance data or technical simplification, or substitution, of the drilling probes in the risk areas of the machine tunnelling. The description of the system and some experiences with using this system are described in this paper.