Calcium-induced reversible assembly of phosphorylated amphiphile within lipid bilayer membranes

Inspired by calcium-induced reversible assembly and disassembly of membrane proteins found in nature, here we developed a phosphorylated amphiphile (PA) that contains an oligo(phenylene-ethynylene) unit as a hydrophobic unit and a phosphate ester group as a hydrophilic calcium-binding unit. We demonstrated that PA can assemble and disassemble in a reversible manner in response to the sequential addition of calcium chloride and ethylene-diaminetetraacetic acid within the lipid bilayer membranes for the first time as a synthetic molecule.