The effect of transition metal ions (M2+ = Mn2+, Ni2+, Co2+, Cu2+) on the chemical synthesis polyaniline as counter electrodes in dye-sensitized solar cells

The effect of transition metal ions (M2+ = Mn2+, Ni2+, Co2+, Cu2+) on the chemical synthesis of polyaniline (PANI) used as a platinum-free counter electrode (CE) in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) was investigated. PANI was synthesized by co-polymerization of aniline in the presence of different transition metal ions by using potassium dichromate in acidic medium. It was found that the ion doping of PANI showed a certain catalytic activity for the regeneration of traditional iodide/ triiodide (I-/I-3(-)) redox couples. The power conversion efficiency (eta) of PANI CEs doped with Mn2+, Ni2+, Co2+ (4.41%, 2.36% and 2.10%, respectively) were higher than 1.94%, the value measured for PANI CE without doping. Doping with Cu2+ decreased the power conversion efficiency of PANI CE (PANI-Cu2+ eta = 1.41%). The electrical properties of the PANI, PANI-Ni2+, PANI-Co2+, PANI-Mn2+ and PANI-Cu2+ were studied by cyclic voltammetry (CV), impedance (EIS), and Tafel polarization curve. The experimental results confirmed that PANI was affected by the doping of different transitionmetal ions (M2+= Mn2+, Ni2+, Co2+, Cu2+). These results indicate a potential application of ion doped PANI as counter electrode in cost-effective DSSCs. (C) 2016 The Chemical Industry and Engineering Society of China, and Chemical Industry Press. All rights reserved.