Blackberry 'Xavante' in vitro multiplication and rooting: salt concentrations effect, explant type, and activated coal on culture medium

Besides the traditional propagation, blackberry micropropagation has currently been considered a feasible alternative, with the purpose of obtaining plants free from virus, genetically uniform and in the short run. The objective of this experiment was to determine the best explant type and the optimum in vitro multiplication salts concentration as well as to determine the activated coal and salts optimum concentrations in culture medium for. The first experiment constituted of nodal segments with 1 cm, originated from of the in vitro cultivation, inoculated at four different MS medium concentrations, supplemented with 7.5 mu M BAP, 30 g L-1 sucrose, 100 mg L-1 myo-inositol and 6 g L-1 agar, and with two types of explants, which totaled 8 treatments. The second experiment constituted of apex microcutting, having about 1 to 1.5 cm length, and two leaves were inoculated at three different concentrations of MS medium, added of 30 g L-1 sucrose, 100 mg L-1 myo-inositol and 6 g L-1 agar and supplemented with three different activated coal concentrations, totaling nine treatments. It can be inferred that T1, in other words, explants with leaves, were more efficient at 125% MS salt concentration on culture medium, thereby inducing larger number of leaves, buds, shoots and shoot length, and that the use of 75% salt concentration without activated coal is the most suitable one for the blackberry 'Xavante' in vitro rooting.