Patient Safety is an extreme importance area in healthcare in hospitals and other health facilities. Initially associated with nosocomial infection and, in general, with the hospital infection, and subsequently linked to human error, particularly in the field of medicine, patient safety is now a major cross-sectional area with the main stakeholders in the healthcare environment at areas as "health quality" and also "health management". The major goal of patient safety is the eviction of adverse events, resulting primarily from: (1) latent conditions of the working environment or (2) human error, which can lead to incidents and/or accidents, with negative consequences and/or damage to the safety or health of the patient. Inexplicably, often health and safety of health professionals is not considered part of the approach that contribute to an effective patient safety. Among the various perspectives in patient safety it should be highlighted the systemic integrated approach. In essence, this model of interpretation of the facts allows to recognize the main causal factors of adverse events in hospitals, such as: (1) the inherent complexity of the substantial majority of the activities performed, (2) high workload (physical and/or mental) at health professionals, (3) the frequent inadequacy of environmental conditions and physical demands and/or mental disabilities to the characteristics and capabilities of users (health professionals and users) and, in general, (4) the inadequacy of the interfaces between man and system, as the design, the layouts, the equipments, the instruments and ways to communicate. The systemic approach to this complexity, focused on healthcare professionals and at work analysis are the needed anchor to a user friendly design (patients, families and health professionals). The effectiveness of preventive interventions of patient adverse events depends on the role model analysis and on the events determinants (preventable or not). The reinvention of health services in an anthropotechnical perspective is essential. It must be focused on people (users and professionals) and learning from mistakes, to an effective patient safety and also to professionals health and safety.
