Performance evaluation of ultra-dense macro-femto cellular networks based on efficient channel resource allocation system

Femtocells have been discovered as the solution to coverage and capacity challenges experienced by mobile users in indoor environments, where data and voice services are mostly employed. During communication, path losses are mostly experienced because of base station distances and walls separating the communicating devices, which ultimately affects coverage and quality of service adversely. This study proposes an efficient channel allocation scheme (ECA) and compared with light channel (LCA), stern channel (SCA) and open channel allocation (OCA) schemes to ascertain the most optimal. These schemes assign frequencies such that interference is diminished significantly after femtocells, femto-users, and macro-users have been deployed randomly within the macro-cell coverage area. Results show higher capacities for macro-femto edge users (105 Mbps) compared to macro-femto center users (11 Mbps) with the proposed algorithm (ECA) emerging as the most optimal in both cases. Deployment of 30 macro-femto edge users records a failure probability of 0.11 for the proposed scheme, 0.17 for OCA, 0.19 for LCA, and 0.29 for SCA which is much lower compared to center users. It was observed that 50% of the edge users recorded downlink interference of 0.8 dBm for proposed, 1.3 dBm for OCA, 1.6 dBm for LCA, and 1.7 dBm for SCA which is much reduced compared to center users.