Gene expression and serum profile of antioxidant markers discriminate periparturient period time in dromedary camels

To explore gene expression and serum profile of selected antioxidant markers during periparturient period in dromedary camels, blood samples were collected from sixty apparently healthy pregnant female at - 14, 0, and + 14 days of expected date of delivery. Superoxide dismutase1 (SOD1), superoxide dismutase 3 (SOD3), catalase (CAT), peroxiredoxin 2 (PRDX2), peroxiredoxin 3 (PRDX3), peroxiredoxin 4 (PRDX4), peroxiredoxin 6 (PRDX6), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), and alkyl hydroperoxide reductase/thiol-specific antioxidant (AhpC/TSA) markers showed upregulations at (- 14) and (+ 14) compared to their values at calving. A significant upregulation of oxidative stress-responsive kinase 1 (OXSR1), stress-associated endoplasmic reticulum proteins (SERP2), and stress-induced phosphoprotein (STIP1) was also reported at (- 14) compared to their corresponding values at calving and (+ 14). At (- 14), serum GSH levels were low, and increased gradually until early lactation. Total antioxidant capacity (TAC) concentrations were low at (- 14) and at parturition, and the peak values were observed at (+ 14), whereas an opposite trend was noted for Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. SOD activity was lower at (0) and (+ 14) compared to at (- 14). Glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) was also low at (0) and (+ 14) days postpartum compared to that at (- 14). Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) showed that gene expression and serum profile of antioxidant markers could discriminate peri-parturient period. The overall correctly classified percent was 62.0% and 48.1% for results of gene expression and serum parameters respectively. Profound alteration in antioxidant parameters could be a biomarker to that helps follow-up health during the peri-parturient period in order to minimize the incidence and severity of diseases and, consequently, to build up a good management protocol.