Collembola (Hexapoda) as Biological Drivers between Land and Sea

Simple Summary Collembola also represent one of the most abundant and important taxa of soil invertebrates inhabiting tundra soils. We focused on the structure and distribution patterns of the collembolan communities along the environmental gradient from costal tundra to live macroalgae and aged macroalgae debris deposited across the sub-Arctic coastline. Our results imply that environmental filtering influences collembolan species distributions across the gradient studied and the sorting of species according to their respective functional traits, including dispersal ability. We also suggest that the competition-colonisation trade-off mechanism, which affected the relative importance of competition and environmental filtering, probably determined Collembola community composition over the examined gradient. We believe that our results may become the basis for further study explaining the importance of Collembola as biological drivers of connectivity between land and sea. Macroalgae debris accumulated onshore function as points of interaction between marine and terrestrial ecological systems, but knowledge of the importance of detritivores facilitating the introduction of organic matter via the detritus pathway into neighbouring ecosystems, is still poorly understood. In particular, not much is known about biodiversity patterns and the colonisation of macroalgal debris by terrestrial, detritivorous soil microarthropods in the harsh environmental conditions in the subpolar Arctic region. We hypothesised that (i) soil microarthropods of the coastal tundra, including Collembola, can cross the ecosystem boundary and colonise decaying and freshly exposed macroalgae; and (ii) various inundation regimes by sea water, microhabitat stability and decaying of macroalgae drive distribution patterns of collembolan species. Our results suggest that environmental filtering influences collembolan species' distributions across the examined gradient and induces sorting of species according to their functional traits, including dispersal ability, resistance to disturbance and environmental tolerance.