Hopf algebroids with balancing subalgebra

Recently, S. Meljanac proposed a construction of a class of examples of an algebraic structure with properties very close to the Hopf algebroids H over a noncommutative base A of other authors. His examples come along with a subalgebra B of H circle times H, here called the balancing subalgebra, which contains the image of the coproduct and such that the intersection of B with the kernel of the projection H circle times H -> H circle times(A) H is a two-sided ideal in B which is moreover well behaved with respect to the antipode. We propose a set of abstract axioms covering this construction and make a detailed comparison to the Hopf algebroids of Lu. We prove that every scalar extension Hopf algebroid can be cast into this new set of axioms. We present an observation by G. Bohm that the Hopf algebroids constructed from weak Hopf algebras fit into our framework as well. At the end we discuss the change of balancing subalgebra under Drinfeld-Xu procedure of twisting of associative bialgebroids by invertible 2-cocycles. (c) 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.