Seizures, cysticercosis and rural-to-urban migration: the PERU MIGRANT study

被引:13
|
作者
Gonzales, Isidro [1 ]
Jaime Miranda, J. [2 ,3 ]
Rodriguez, Silvia [1 ]
Vargas, Victor [1 ]
Cjuno, Alfredo [1 ]
Smeeth, Liam [4 ]
Gonzalez, Armando E. [5 ]
Tsang, Victor C. W. [6 ]
Gilman, Robert H. [2 ,7 ,8 ]
Garcia, Hector H. [2 ,7 ,8 ,9 ]
机构
[1] Inst Nacl Ciencias Neurol, Cysticercosis Unit, Lima, Peru
[2] Univ Peruana Cayetano Heredia, CRONICAS Ctr Excellence Chron Dis, Lima 18, Peru
[3] Univ Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Sch Med, Dept Med, Lima 18, Peru
[4] London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Fac Epidemiol & Populat Hlth, London WC1, England
[5] Univ Nacl Mayor San Marcos, Sch Vet Med, Lima 14, Peru
[6] Georgia State Univ, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA
[7] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Int Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA
[8] Univ Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Sch Sci, Dept Microbiol, Lima 18, Peru
[9] Univ Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Ctr Global Hlth, Tumbes, Peru
基金
英国惠康基金;
关键词
cysticercosis; neurocysticercosis; seizures; migration; Taenia solium; Peru; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK-FACTORS; EPILEPTIC SEIZURES; NEUROCYSTICERCOSIS; EPIDEMIOLOGY;
D O I
10.1111/tmi.12456
中图分类号
R1 [预防医学、卫生学];
学科分类号
1004 ; 120402 ;
摘要
ObjectivesTo examine the prevalence of seizures, epilepsy and seropositivity to cysticercosis in rural villagers (cysticercosis-endemic setting), rural-to-urban migrants into a non-endemic urban shanty town and urban inhabitants of the same non-endemic shanty town. MethodsThree Peruvian populations (n=985) originally recruited into a study about chronic diseases and migration were studied. These groups included rural inhabitants from an endemic region (n=200), long-term rural-to-urban migrants (n=589) and individuals living in the same urban setting (n=196). Seizure disorders were detected by a survey, and a neurologist examined positive respondents. Serum samples from 981/985 individuals were processed for cysticercosis antibodies on immunoblot. ResultsEpilepsy prevalence (per 1000 people) was 15.3 in the urban group, 35.6 in migrants and 25 in rural inhabitants. A gradient in cysticercosis antibody seroprevalence was observed: urban 2%, migrant 13.5% and rural group 18% (P<0.05). A similarly increasing pattern of higher seroprevalence was observed among migrants by age at migration. In rural villagers, there was strong evidence of an association between positive serology and having seizures (P=0.011) but such an association was not observed in long-term migrants or in urban residents. In the entire study population, compared with seronegative participants, those with strong antibody reactions (4 antibody bands) were more likely to have epilepsy (P<0.001). ConclusionsIt is not only international migration that affects cysticercosis endemicity; internal migration can also affect patterns of endemicity within an endemic country. The neurological consequences of cysticercosis infection likely outlast the antibody response for years after rural-to-urban migration. ObjectifsExaminer la prevalence des crises d'epilepsie, de l'epilepsie et de la seropositivite a la cysticercose chez les villageois des zones rurales (cadre endemique pour la cysticercose), chez les migrants des zones ruraux vers les zones urbaines dans un bidonville urbain non endemique et chez les habitants urbains du meme bidonville non endemique. MethodesTrois populations peruviennes (n = 985) recrutees initialement dans une etude sur les maladies chroniques et la migration, ont ete etudiees. Ces groupes comprenaient des habitants de zones rurales d'une region d'endemie (n = 200), des migrants de long terme de zones ruraux vers les villes (n = 589) et les personnes vivant dans le meme milieu urbain (n = 196). Les troubles epileptiques ont ete detectes par un sondage et un neurologue a examine les repondants positifs. Des echantillons de serum de 981/985 individus ont ete testes pour les anticorps de cysticercose par Immunoblot. ResultatsLa prevalence de l'epilepsie (pour 1000 personnes) etait de 15,3 dans le groupe urbain; 35,6 chez les migrants et 25 dans la population rurale. Un gradient dans la seroprevalence des anticorps de la cysticercose a ete observe: dans le groupe urbain 2%, le groupe de migrants 13,5% et le groupe rural 18% (p <0,05). Une tendance croissante similaire de seroprevalence plus elevee a ete observee chez les migrants selon l'age a la migration. Chez les villageois ruraux, il y avait des preuves solides d'une association entre une serologie positive et le fait d'avoir des crises (p = 0,011), mais une telle association n'a pas ete observee chez les migrants de long terme ou chez les residents urbains. Dans l'ensemble de la population de l'etude, ceux avec de fortes reactions d'anticorps ( 4 bandes d'anticorps) etaient plus susceptibles d'avoir l'epilepsie (p <0,001) compare aux participants seronegatifs. ConclusionsLa migration internationale n'est pas la seule qui affecte l'endemicite de la cysticercose; la migration interne peut aussi modifier les profils d'endemicite au sein d'un meme pays d'endemie. Les consequences neurologiques de l'infection par la cysticercose sont susceptibles de survivre a la reponse d'anticorps durant des annees apres la migration des zones rurales vers les zones urbaines. ObjetivosExaminar la prevalencia de convulsiones, epilepsia, y seropositividad para cisticercosis entre poblacion rural (de zonas endemicas para cisticercosis), inmigrantes provenientes de zonas rurales a tugurios urbanos no endemicos, y habitantes urbanos de los mismo tugurios urbanos no endemicos. MetodosSe estudiaron tres poblaciones peruanas (n=985) originalmente reclutadas en un estudio de enfermedades cronicas y migracion. Estos grupos incluian habitantes rurales de una region endemica (n=200), inmigrantes de larga duracion de zonas rurales a urbanas (n=589), e individuos que vivian en la misma zona urbana (n=196). Las convulsiones se detectaron mediante una encuesta y un neurologo examino a quienes habian respondido positivamente. Se procesaron muestras de suero de 981/985 individuos en busca de anticuerpos para cisticercosis mediante inmunoblot. ResultadosLa prevalencia de epilepsia (por 1,000 personas) era de 15.3 en el grupo urbano, 35.6 en inmigrantes y 25 en habitantes rurales. Se observo un gradiente en la seroprevalencia de los anticuerpos para cisticercosis: grupos urbano 2%, inmigrante 13.5% y rural 18% (p<0.05). Se observo un patron de aumento similar de mayor seroprevalencia entre inmigrantes segun la edad que tenian en el momento de emigrar. En pobladores rurales, habia una evidencia importante de asociacion entre tener una serologia positiva y sufrir convulsiones (p=0.011), pero esta asociacion no se observaba en inmigrantes de larga duracion o residentes urbanos. En la poblacion al completo, comparada con los participantes seronegativos, aquellos con una fuerte reactividad de anticuerpos (4 bandas de anticuerpos) tenian una mayor probabilidad de sufrir epilepsia (p<0.001). ConclusionesNo solo la migracion internacional afecta la endemicidad de cisticercosis; la migracion interna tambien puede afectar los patrones de endemicidad dentro de un pais endemico. Las consecuencias neurologicas de la infeccion por cisticercos podrian durar mas que la respuesta a anticuerpos anos despues de la migracion de zonas rurales a zonas urbanas.
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页码:546 / 552
页数:7
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