The resistance to lodging and yield of winter wheat varieties

Thirty-eight early, 28 mid-season and 12 mid-late maturity winter wheat varieties were studied on chernozem soil in the Hajdusag region of Eastern Hungary with peas as the forecrop in 2001. The plant height data proved the determinative influence of ecological (weather, soil) and agronomical (forecrop) factors on the development of the crop (early maturing varieties 84.3-113.5 cm, mid-season varieties 79.5-113.8 cm, mid-late varieties 92.1-112.8 cm plant height, respectively). The wheat genotypes also differed as regards lodging values and lodging dynamics. Lodging varied between 0-100% for early maturing, 0-85% for mid-season varieties and 0-39% for mid-late maturity varieties, respectively. Under ecological and agrotechnical circumstance favourable for lodging the following wheat genotypes had excellent resistance to lodging (0% lodging at harvesting time): . early maturing varieties: GK Csornoc, Mv Madrigal, GK Elet, GK Kalasz, GK David, Pori 2, Mv Tamara, Mv Martina, Mv Kucsma, HP Arkus, GK Tenger GK Forras, Zlatka, Mv Matild, Mv Prizma . mid-season varieties: Fatima 2, Mv Optima, GK Zugoly, GK Marcal, GK Favorit, GK Cipo, Rona, Buzogany, GK Miska, Gyozo, GK Petur, MF Kazal . mid-late varieties: Gaspard, Mv Magdalena, Mv Matador GK Veka, GK Mero Brea, Hajdusag The wheat varieties gave good to excellent yields in 2001. There were fairly large differences (2 t . ha(-1)) between the yields of the different genotypes in all the maturity groups (early maturing varieties 5703-7691 kg . ha(-1), mid-season varieties 6188-8501 kg . ha(-1), mid-late varieties 5395-7712 kg . ha(-1)). The following wheat varieties gave excellent yields in 2001: . early maturing varieties (7300-7700 kg . ha(-1)): Ukrainka, Mv Palma, GK Szivarvany, GK Garaboly, GK Othalom . mid-season varieties (7300-8500 kg . ha-1): Alex, GK Raba, GK Marcal, GK Mura, GK Zugoly, GK Petur GKCipo,Buzogany,MvMagvas, GK Favord . mid-late varieties (7300-7700 kg . ha-1): Gaspard, Ludwig The results of correlation analysis proved that there was no significant correlation between the plant height, lodging and yields of the wheat genotypes in most cases. The correlations between the lodging and plant height of mid-season and mid-late varieties were the only exceptions (r(2) = 0.6024, r(2) = 0.5060, respectively).