Technological, Organizational, and Environmental Factors Affecting the Adoption of Electric Vehicle Battery Recycling

The rising usage of electric vehicle batteries (EVBs) has led to the unprecedented accumulation of battery waste-creating environmental problems and raw material shortages as the batteries approach their end of life (EOL). This article examines the critical enablers of EVB recycling adoption. Using a theoretical lens for technology adoption, the article further explains the enablers of EVB recycling by extending the technological, organizational, and environmental framework. The present article adopts a hybrid Delphi approach to explore the interdependent cause-and-effect relationships of the enablers. The integrated framework has been tested by obtaining data from multiple stakeholder groups consisting of academic researchers, practitioners, and policy planners in India. The framework is followed by a comparative assessment of the multiple stakeholder perceptions, highlighting the similarities and differences. A consensus among all stakeholders is observed regarding the significance of a business model with take-back systems to enable EVB recycling adoption. This article shows how organizational factors strongly enable favorable decisions more than the technological and environmental counterparts. Differences were observed between the practitioners favoring technological enablers over other dimensions, while the policy planners equitably considered all dimensions, and the academic researchers showed an intermediate perspective for EVB recycling innovations. The findings offer theoretical and practical insights to help managers, organizations, and policy planners prioritize their efforts to promote EVB recycling adoption.