Legal Dualism and the Bipolar State: Challenges to Indigenous Human Rights in Brazil

被引:2
|
作者
Santos, Cecilia MacDowell [1 ,2 ]
机构
[1] Univ San Francisco, Sociol, San Francisco, CA 94117 USA
[2] Univ Coimbra, Ctr Social Studies, P-3000 Coimbra, Portugal
关键词
Indigenous peoples; Human rights; State; Violence; Brazil;
D O I
10.1177/0094582X15600173
中图分类号
K9 [地理];
学科分类号
0705 ;
摘要
The Brazilian state has contradictory laws, policies and practices with regard to the rights of indigenous peoples. Despite the adoption of a democratic Brazilian constitution in 1988 that incorporated a multicultural conception of indigenous rights and the subsequent ratification of new international norms of human rights for indigenous peoples, the practices of the courts and of the various sectors of the state reflect a legal cultural dualism and a bipolar state. The case of the Xucuru people sent to the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights shows the conflicts between legal and political cultures characterized, on one hand, by an individualistic and colonial approach to indigenous civil rights and, on the other hand, a collectivist and multicultural perspective on the human rights of indigenous peoples. O Estado brasileiro possui leis, politicas e praticas contraditorias em relacAo aos direi-tos indigenas. Apesar da nova constituicAo democratica de 1988 ter incorporado uma concepcAo multicultural dos direitos indigenas e de o Estado ter ratificado normas internacionais de direitos humanos dos povos indigenas, as praticas dos tribunais e de varios setores do Estado refletem uma situacAo de dualismo da cultura juridica e um Estado bipolar. O caso do povo Xucuru encaminhado a ComissAo Interamericana de Direitos Humanos demonstra os conflitos entre culturas juridicas e politicas caracterizadas, de um lado, por uma abordagem individualista e colonial dos direitos civis dos indigenas, e, de outro lado, por uma perspectiva coletivista e multicultural dos direitos humanos dos povos indigenas.
引用
收藏
页码:172 / 189
页数:18
相关论文
共 50 条
  • [1] Legal dualism and the bipolar state: challenges to indigenous human rights in Brazil (vol 43, pg 172, 2016)
    Santos, Cecilia MacDowell
    [J]. LATIN AMERICAN PERSPECTIVES, 2016, 43 (03) : 199 - U16
  • [2] HUMAN RIGHTS AND RIGHTS OF NATURE: CHALLENGES FOR THE LEGAL SYSTEM, THE STATE AND SOCIETY
    Pinto, Joao Batista Moreira
    Rios, Mariza
    Botija, Fernando Gonzalez
    [J]. VEREDAS DO DIREITO, 2024, 21
  • [3] LEGAL PLURALISM AND INDIGENOUS PEOPLES RIGHTS: CHALLENGES IN LITIGATION AND RECOGNITION OF INDIGENOUS PEOPLES RIGHTS
    Elsana, Morad
    [J]. UNIVERSITY OF CINCINNATI LAW REVIEW, 2018, 87 (04) : 1043 - 1075
  • [4] Crises, Human Rights and Legal Challenges
    Lenkovics, Barnabas
    [J]. PUBLIC FINANCE QUARTERLY-HUNGARY, 2016, 61 (03): : 331 - 342
  • [5] The challenges of legal assistance to indigenous peoples in Brazil: the case of Xukuru people
    Leao, Andre Carneiro
    Nobrega, Francisco de Assis Nascimento
    [J]. DIREITO E PRAXIS, 2024, 15 (01):
  • [6] Legal pluralism? Indigenous rights as legal constructs
    Thornhill, Chris
    Calabria, Carina
    Cespedes, Rodrigo
    Dagbanja, Dominic
    O'Loughlin, Elizabeth
    [J]. UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO LAW JOURNAL, 2018, 68 (03) : 440 - 493
  • [7] Indigenous rights in democratic Brazil
    Rodrigues, MGM
    [J]. HUMAN RIGHTS QUARTERLY, 2002, 24 (02) : 487 - 512
  • [8] HUMAN RIGHTS CHALLENGES IN BRAZIL: CHILDREN AND VULNERABLE PERSONS
    Nogueira da Gama, Guilherme Calmon
    [J]. BRITISH JOURNAL OF AMERICAN LEGAL STUDIES, 2020, 9 (03) : 461 - 473
  • [9] Migrants' human rights in Brazil: state of the art
    Vale, Pedro Augusto
    Moreira, Thiago Oliveira
    [J]. CADERNOS DE DEREITO ACTUAL, 2024, (24): : 56 - 70
  • [10] Antiabortion legal mobilization in Brazil: Human rights as a field of contention
    Machado, Marta R. de Assis
    [J]. ICON-INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CONSTITUTIONAL LAW, 2023, 21 (01): : 308 - 338