Characterization and assessment of machined ceramic surfaces

The paper compiles the most important near-surface characteristics of machined ceramics, sketches proven and advanced methods for their determination and gives some examples for a service-relevant assessment of machining influenced surfaces. Special emphasis is given to the strength relevant characteristics like damage and residual stresses, to the appropriate X-ray diffraction methods for their determination and to fracture mechanical methods for a quantitative assessment of the machined surfaces. Typical examples concerning the abrasive machining of silicon carbide, silicon nitride and alumina and the service behavior of machined samples under bending, tensile and wear conditions are presented.