Efficient ternary cobalt spinel counter electrodes for quantum-dot sensitized solar cells

Cobalt-based spinel binary and ternary sulfides (Co3S4, CuCo2S4 and NiCo2S4) are prepared via an economical, facile and versatile synthesis strategy and used as counter electrodes for quantum-dot sensitized solar cells (QDSCs) in conjunction with the aqueous polysulfide electrolyte. The spinel sulfides exhibit superior catalytic activities toward the polysulfide electrolyte reduction than that of the Cu2S. Both electrochemical impedance spectroscopic and Tafel polarization measurements imply that the incorporation of Cu or Ni cation into the spinel lattices induces a significantly faster electrocatalytic rate towards the polysulfide reduction than that of the binary Co3S4. Using ternary NiCo2S4 as counter electrode, the QDSC achieves a power conversion efficiency of 3.3%; which is increased by 26% compared with the QDSC fabricated with binary Co3S4 counter electrode (2.61%). The excellent electrochemical performance of the ternary cobalt spinel sulfides suggests their promising application as counter electrodes for efficient QDSCs. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.