Analysis of a real water distribution system in Southern Minas Gerais using geographical information system

Excess of water head usually is misidentified as synonymous of good service, leading to water losses in the distribution network. Reducing excess of pressure and identify leaks using tools like Geographic Information Systems and computational simulations is essential to reduce water losses. The study was carried out simulating a real water distribution system in a mountainous city of south of Minas Gerais, with Geographic Information Systems survey of the region and three simulations using the Epanet software, one of which being the original scenario to compare with improved ones. Subsequently, maps using Geographic Information Systems assess pressure and modifications at the network were generated. A populational projection with a 20-year horizon, starting in 2020, was also carried out to assess whether energy efficiency indicators would decrease over time with the increase in population. The losses at base scenario and scenarios 32 and 35 was 57.4, 48.2, and 46.6%, showing a reduction in losses along pressure reduction, and energy efficiency indicators showed a decrease over the studied horizon, though still acceptable. This article concludes that the use of Geographic Information Systems applied to the water distribution network contributed to the analysis to reduce real losses and water and energy efficiency in water distribution networks.