Experimental verification of a method to create a variable energy neutron beam from a monoenergetic, isotropic source using neutron elastic scatter and time of flight

An experiment was performed to determine the neutron energy of near-monoergetic deuterium deuterium (D-D) neutrons that elastically scatter in a hydrogenous target. The experiment used two liquid scintillators to perform time of flight (TOF) measurements to determine neutron energy, with the start detector also serving as the scatter target. The stop detector was placed 1.0 m away and at scatter angles of pi/6, pi/4, and pi/3 rad, and 1.5 m at a scatter angle of pi/4 rad. When discrete 1 ns increments were implemented, the TOF peaks had estimated errors between 21.2 and 3.6% relative to their expected locations. Full widths at half-maximum (FWHM) ranged between 9.6 and 20.9 ns, or approximately 0.56-0.66 MeV. Monte Carlo simulations were also conducted that approximated the experimental setup and had both D-D and deuterium tritium (DT) neutrons. The simulated results had errors between 17.2 and 0.0% relative to their expected TOF peaks when 1 ns increments were applied. The largest D-D and D-T FWHMs were 26.7 and 13.7 ns, or approximately 0.85 and 4.98 MeV, respectively. These values, however, can be reduced through manipulation of the dimensions of the system components. The results encourage further study of the neutron elastic scatter TOF system with particular interest in application to active neutron interrogation to search for conventional explosives. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.