Case 01-1998: A seven-year-old boy with anemia and fever

With progress in vaccine development, eradication of malaria is becoming a possibility, until that time we will have to rely on prophylaxis, development of new therapies and preservation of diagnostic skills. Once the diagnosis of imported malaria is considered, the emergency physician needs to be aware of the common pitfalls in management and diagnosis (Table 6). When these problems in management and diagnosis are avoided, optimal care for this relatively infrequent infectious disease in the United States can be assured, and complications can be avoided.