Anchoring of green synthesized silver nanoparticles onto various surfaces for enhanced heterogeneous removal of brilliant green dye from aqueous solutions with error analysis study

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were immobilized onto either an acid or "base-functionalized" orange peel via the green synthesized method and denoted as AgNPs@OP/A and AgNPs@OP/B. FTIR, UV-vis spectra, XRD, and thermogravemetric analysis techniques characterized the samples obtained. The mean particle size of immobilized AgNPs was computed from the XRD pattern based on the plane's line width, refraction peak using Scherrer's equation and equals about 2.4, 17.5, and 18.9 nm for AgNPs@OP/B, AgNPs@OP/A and, AgNPs@MWCNTs. The efficiency of supported silver nanoparticles to remove brilliant green (BG) from aqueous solutions, was examined via oxidative decolorization technique using AgNPs@OP/A and AgNPs@OP/B or adsorption technique using AgNPs@MWCNTs. The experiments were conducted on different experimental conditions. The reaction was followed by conventional UV Vis spectrophotometer at lambda(max) = 624 nm. The reaction exhibited first-order kinetics for [dye] and [H2O2] using AgNPs@OP/A and AgNPs@OP/B. while the adsorption kinetics of BG onto AgNPs@MWCNTs could be represented by pseudosecond-order kinetic and Langmuir isotherm model. The adsorption process was endothermic and spontaneous. The data obtained was examined by three statistical error analysis models (SSE, ARE, and chi(2)) and the results confirmed that the Langmuir isotherm is a good model for adsorption of BG dye. Thus, immobilization of AgNPs found to be thermally stable, and enhance cost-effectiveness. So, these nanoparticles are valid for real environmental applications.