Molecular mechanisms of opioid tolerance: From opioid receptors to inflammatory mediators (Review)

被引：41

作者：

Zhou, Jie ^{[1
]}

Ma, Ruijie ^{[1
]}

Jin, Ying ^{[2
]}

Fang, Junfan ^{[3
]}

Du, Junying ^{[3
]}

Shao, Xiaomei ^{[3
]}

Liang, Yi ^{[4
]}

Fang, Jianqiao ^{[4
]}

机构：

[1] Zhejiang Chinese Med Univ, Dept Acupuncture & Moxibust, Affiliated Hosp 3, Hangzhou 310005, Zhejiang, Peoples R China

[2] Zhejiang Univ, Dept Rehabil Tradit Chinese Med, Affiliated Hosp 2, Sch Med, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang, Peoples R China

[3] Zhejiang Chinese Med Univ, Clin Med Coll 3, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang, Peoples R China

[4] Zhejiang Chinese Med Univ, Key Lab Acupuncture & Neurol Zhejiang Prov, 548 Binwen Rd, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang, Peoples R China

来源：

EXPERIMENTAL AND THERAPEUTIC MEDICINE | 2021年 / 22卷 / 03期

关键词：

pain; opioid tolerance; morphine; opioid receptors; proinflammatory cytokines; Toll like receptor 4; NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3; neuroinflammation; MORPHINE-TOLERANCE; SALVINORIN-A; TISSUE DISTRIBUTION; CALCIUM-CHANNELS; NEUROPATHIC PAIN; DOWN-REGULATION; PHOSPHORYLATION; DELTA; AGONIST; DESENSITIZATION;

D O I：

10.3892/etm.2021.10437

中图分类号：

R-3 [医学研究方法]; R3 [基础医学];

学科分类号：

1001 ;

摘要：

Opioids are considered the most effective analgesics for the treatment of both acute and chronic pain. However, prolonged opioid use can induce a certain level of tolerance to its analgesic effects, leading to a reduction in its effectiveness, addiction and abuse. A better understanding of the mechanisms underlying opioid tolerance may provide insights into this phenomenon and aid in the development of novel methods to combat the side effects of opioid tolerance. The present review focused on two major contributors to tolerance, opioid receptors and inflammatory mediators. The molecular mechanisms involved in the desensitization of the opioid receptors were briefly described, including their phosphorylation, internalisation and recycling. Subsequently, the effects of Toll like receptor 4/NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3-mediated proinflammatory responses in opioid tolerance were discussed, aiming in supporting the identification of novel therapeutic targets.

引用

页数：8

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