The outflow of boiling liquid from tubular channels

The problems of draining of tubular channels with boiling liquid are treated, as well as those of the outflow of a vapor-liquid system from a large container through a tubular nozzle. A barotropic equation of state is proposed for the adiabatic and equilibrium flow of boiling liquid. The critical conditions are defined, which separate the initial stage, when the draining intensity is defined by purely gasdynamic phenomena (the inertial effects and the process of adiabatic expansion), from the subsequent stage, when the inertia is inessential. For two limiting outflow regimes, when the hydraulic friction force depends on the flow velocity linearly and under the square law, the system of equations of motion reduces to one nonlinear equation. Self-similar solutions are constructed for the problem on sudden depressurization of a channel at its one end. Solutions are also derived describing the steady outflow of boiling liquid through cylindrical nozzles.