Efficacy Evaluation of Hyaluronic Acid Gel for the Restoration of Gingival Interdental Papilla Defects

Purpose: This clinical study aimed to evaluate the long-term efficacy of reconstruction of the gingival interdental papilla via injection of hyaluronic acid gel. Materials and Methods: Eight female participants with Class I or II gingival papilla loss in anterior sites were included in this study. The gingival biotype was evaluated previously. Hyaluronic acid gel was injected into the base of the deficient papilla, which was repeated twice at 3 and 6 weeks after the initial injection. The height of the gingival papilla and the area of papilla loss were examined on clinical photographs before treatment and 3, 6, and 12 months after treatment. The data were tested for a normal distribution and analyzed by the Wilcoxon signed rank test. P <.05 was considered significant. Results: The height of the gingival papilla increased 0.311, 0.45, and 0.4 mm from baseline at 3, 6, and 12 months, respectively, after treatment (P <.05), whereas the area of the black triangle was reduced by 0.31, 0.41, and 0.36 mm(2) at the same time points (P <.05). In addition, patients with a thick gingival biotype showed a better effect of treatment on the increase in the height of the gingival papilla and decrease in the area of the black triangle. Conclusions: Our study verified a remarkable effect of hyaluronic acid gel injection in restoring the deficient gingival papilla of the natural teeth, especially in patients with a thick gingival biotype. (C) 2019 American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons