Intrusion Detection Systems of ICMPv6-based DDoS attacks

Denial of Service (DoS) and Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks are thorny and a grave problem of today's Internet, resulting in economic damages for organizations and individuals. DoS and DDoS attacks that are using Internet Control Message Protocol version six (ICMPv6) messages are the most common attacks against the Internet Protocol version six (IPv6). They are common because of the necessary inclusion of the ICMPv6 protocol in any IPv6 network to work properly. Intrusion Detection Systems (IDSs) of the Internet Protocol version four (IPv4) can run in an IPv6 environment, but they are unable to solve its security problems such as ICMPv6-based DDoS attacks due to the new characteristics of IPv6, such as Neighbour Discovery Protocol and auto-configuration addresses. Therefore, a number of IDSs have been either exclusively proposed to detect IPv6 attacks or extended from existing IPv4 IDSs to support IPv6. This paper reviews and classifies the detection mechanisms of the existing IDSs which are either proposed or extended to tackle ICMPv6-based DDoS attacks. To the best of the authors' knowledge, it is the first review paper that explains and clarifies the problems of ICMPv6-based DDoS attacks and that classifies and criticizes the existing detection.