Inflammatory response of raw 264.7 macrophage cells teated with dragonfruit oligosaccharide on lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation

Dragon fruit is a prebiotic source of oligosaccharides. This is the first report on a study that evaluates the anti-inflammatory effects of dragon fruit oligosaccharides (DFO) on a macrophage cell line. This experiment evaluated the effects of DFO on both gene and protein expression levels in the inflammatory response of a lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW 264.7 macrophage cell line. The results showed that DFO significantly inhibited prostaglandin-E-2, nitric oxide, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha production. DFO also significantly suppressed the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase. These results suggest that DFO is a potentially novel ingredient for use as an anti-inflammatory prebiotic for the prevention of inflammation.