Energy-Efficient Communication in Wireless Sensor Network for Precision Farming

Wireless sensor network is a modern technology used for remotely monitoring the agricultural farms. Sensor network with sensor such as moisture sensor, temperature sensor, and humidity sensor can be used for control of the farm's moisture, temperature, humidity either manually or automatically. In this paper simulation is performed by placing the sensor nodes at various locations in the square-shaped one hectare area. Simulation is performed on four different topologies, namely random, cluster, star with gateway inside, star with gateway outside and the performance of the system is compared for all the four topologies and suitable topologies are proposed for the system. In the selected topology a communication technique is proposed for irrigation application showing the energy efficiency of sensor network. In this application, wireless sensor network uses IEEE 802.15.4/Zigbee communication standard for the topology study. In the selected topology, ad hoc on demand distance vector and dynamic source routing protocol are implemented in star topology with gateway at centre to determine the energy-efficient network.