Optimal Control Based Energy Management of Energy Management of Multiple Energy Storage Systems in a Microgrid

Microgrid is envisioned to be an effective framework to integrate distributed generations, energy storage systems, and various loads. As an important form of distributed generation, renewable generation may change rapidly and frequently, which poses great challenges on the management and control of microgrids. Energy storage systems are often utilized to address the intermittency of renewable generations. This paper proposes an optimal control-based energy management of multiple energy storage system to dynamically minimize the adjustment cost while keeping track of the energy storage system state of charge and maintaining the supply-demand balance in a microgrid. The proposed algorithm has taken the influences of time-of-use price, time-varying distributed generations and loads, transmission loss, energy storage system charging/discharging, and storage efficiency into account. The optimality of the proposed algorithm is guaranteed through rigorous analysis. Simulations on a 5-bus microgrid under various conditions demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.