Process and cause of urban-rural development transformation in the Bohai Rim Region, China

China's reform and opening-up policy has brought the country a great development opportunity. The high-speed growth of the economy not only led China to a period of industrialization, urbanization, informatization and agricultural modernization, but also exacerbated the situation of the urban rural dual structure. Based on the review of current studies, we first used the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method to evaluate the urban rural development and transformation level by population transformation index, land transformation index, industrial transformation index and social transformation index between 1996 and 2012 around the Bohai Rim Region. Then, based on the results of each index, we used the exploratory spatial data analysis (ESDA) method to investigate the spatial autocorrelation of the change in the urban rural development transformation index during the 16-year period using Global Moran's I index and Local Moran's I index. Finally, we investigated the mechanism of change of the urban rural development transformation index at county level, summarizing five main factors: (1) the radiation from the surrounding big cities, (2) the acceleration of the urbanization process, (3) the upgrading of the industrial structure, (4) the publishing and implementation of a macro development strategy and regional policy, and (5) natural factors such as topology.