Risk-Based Dynamic TTC Calculation in a Deregulated Power System with a Large Penetration of Wind Power Generation

Recently, a rapid growth of generation from renewable energy resources, e.g., wind and solar energies, has been witnessed worldwide. Renewable energy offers a number of great appeals due to its sustainability, environmentally friendliness, and as a low-cost resource for the future electricity production. This sector is expected to continue growing with more installed capacity. Although this sector offers a number of advantages, a large penetration of this sector may result in an unfavourable impact on the system security and reliability. As a result, it has become necessary to include the investigation of such impact in the analyses. This paper primarily focuses on the TTC calculation of a power system with a large penetration of wind power generation. As is known, the impact of the wind power generation is mainly attributed to its uncertain generation output strongly depending on the wind speed. To analyze such impact, the model of wind power generation system is required. In this paper, the FX model based on the steady-state model of an induction generator for the wind power generation system is proposed. The uncertainty of the forecast demand, forecast generation output from the wind power generation system, equipment unavailability, and fault locations is fully realized and integrated into the calculation by means of a probabilistic method, Monte Carlo simulation. The TTC is then selected based on the risk concept. The system transient stability is also checked by performing the time-domain simulation. The system voltage stability is guaranteed by specifying a margin away from the collapse point. The validity of the proposed method is illustrated through the numerical simulation conducted on the modified IEEE 30-bus system. The original system is modified by installing a number of wind power generation systems to represent a large penetration level. The risk-based TTC and its associated monetary loss are computed and examined.